Gut microbiota in symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease stratifies by severity of abdominal pain.

Objective: Patients with symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD) may have a disrupted gut microbiota. However, current data are from small sample studies, and reported associations vary widely across studies. We aimed to profile the fecal microbiota in SUDD patients enrolled in primary care.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in SUDD (N = 72) and asymptomatic diverticulosis (AD) (N = 30), the latter serving as a control group.

Results: No significant differences in alpha and beta diversity were found between SUDD and AD, but SUDD was discriminated by a higher relative abundance of the family Streptococcaceae and the genera Alistipes, Agathobacter, and Butyricimonas. Interestingly, the gut microbiota of SUDD patients stratified by the severity of abdominal pain [according to the visual analog scale (VAS)]. In particular, higher diversity and health-associated taxa (such as Bifidobacterium, Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group, and Dorea) characterized mild (VAS score 1-3) SUDD, Proteobacteria, Veillonellaceae and Blautia moderate (VAS score 4-7) SUDD, and Prevotellaceae and Megasphaera severe (VAS score 8-10) SUDD.

Conclusion: Our analysis suggests that specific taxa may be related to SUDD, but the associations vary depending on the severity of abdominal pain. In addition to advancing our ecological understanding of this complex disease, our findings may pave the way for the incorporation of gut microbiota profiling into clinical practice to aid patient management, including stratification and treatment.