Visseral Lipectomy Improves Metabolic Syndrome Parameters and Adipokines in a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome Induced by Monosodium Glutamate.

Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) includes abdominal obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. Research has indicated that reducing excess visceral fat has positive effects on inflammation and insulin resistance. We examined whether visceral lipectomy modifies the effects of MetS parameters and adipocytokine levels.

Methods: Each group included 15 newborn male rats: control+sham (C+S), metabolic syndrome+sham (MetS+S), and metabolic syndrome+visceral lipectomy (MetS+VL). On postnatal days 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10, subcutaneous injections of monosodium glutamate (MSG) (4 g/mg) were administered to induce MetS. The control group received saline injection. The rats underwent sham surgery or lipectomy on the 120th day of life. Two months post-surgery, tests were performed to check lipid and insulin levels as well as the Lee index, HOMA-IR, serum adiponectin (ADP), resistin, interleukin-6 (IL6), leptin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels.

Results: These findings showed that the Lee index (p = 0.001), insulin resistance (p = 0.002), and hyperinsulinemia (p = 0.009) were significantly improved in the MetS+VL group compared to those in the MetS+S group. The lipid profile was unaffected by visceral lipectomy. Furthermore, visceral lipectomy normalized MetS-induced adipokine imbalance.

Conclusion: The decrease in the Lee index and improvement in hyperinsulinemia suggest that visceral lipectomy may benefit impaired glucose metabolism. Although visceral lipectomy has no apparent effect on the lipid profile, positive effects on adipokine levels by reducing various inflammatory markers including resistin, IL6, leptin, TNF-α, and CRP. These findings indicate that visceral lipectomy may have therapeutic potential for MetS.

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