Alterations in serum levels of calcium, vitamin D, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone in patients with clinically confirmed familial hypercholesterolemia: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), an autosomal dominant disease, is associated with an increased risk of premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to examine the variations in serum levels of calcium, vitamin D, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) among FH patients, as these factors have been associated with an increased susceptibility to CVD.

Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, the authors used data from Isfahan FH registry. The Dutch Lipid Clinic Network (DLCN) criteria was used for diagnoses of FH patients. Control group included participants with hyperlipidemia and were unlikely FH according to DLCN criteria. All biochemical parameters were measured using standard methods.

Results: A total of 131 patients (mean age, 53.1 ± 12.2; male, 51.4%) were included in the analysis. Patients with FH had lower serum vitamin D levels compared with control groups in the unadjusted model (P= 0.028). The relationship between serum vitamin D and FH was not significant after adjustment for traditional risk factor (P= 0.184). No significant association was observed between FH and serum calcium (P= 0.886), phosphorus (P= 0.463), and PTH (P= 0.849). Besides, there was no significant association between LDL-C or total cholesterol and serum minerals in FH patients.

Conclusion: This study found no significant changes in serum calcium, vitamin D, phosphorus, and PTH in patients with FH.