Primary mesenchymal tumors of the prostate:18F FDG PET/CT findings.

Background: Primary mesenchymal tumors of the prostate are very rare, and there is no systematic report on fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT). The aim of this research was to characterize mesenchymal tumors of the prostate on ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT.

Results: We included 13 patients with pathologically confirmed mesenchymal neoplasms of the prostate. The location, size, maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total glycolysis of the lesion (TLG), pathologic findings, and available imaging study of the tumors were reviewed. Of the 13 patients (median age, 38 years; ranged from 13 to 74 years), the mean size of the tumors was 8.8 cm in diameter ranged from 5 to 16.1 cm. SUVmax ranged from 3.1 to 17.6 (mean 9.5), MTV ranged from 4.9 to 398 cm³ (mean 109 cm³) and TLG ranged from 21.3 to 1216 g (mean 96 g). The seminal vesicles, rectum, and bladder are the most commonly affected sites of invasion, while metastasis typically occurs in the bones, lungs, and lymph nodes.

Conclusions: Mesenchymal tumors of the prostate revealed large sizes and high SUVmax, MTV and TLG levels on ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT. ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT may be useful for accurate diagnosis, staging, and restaging, which plays an important role in the management of subsequent plans.