Predicting Calcein Release from Ultrasound-Targeted Liposomes: A Comparative Analysis of Random Forest and Support Vector Machine.

Objective: This study presents a comparative analysis of RF and SVM for predicting calcein release from ultrasound-triggered, targeted liposomes under varied low-frequency ultrasound (LFUS) power densities (6.2, 9, and 10 mW/cm²).

Methods: Liposomes loaded with calcein and targeted with seven different moieties (cRGD, estrone, folate, Herceptin, hyaluronic acid, lactobionic acid, and transferrin) were synthesized using the thin-film hydration method. The liposomes were characterized using Dynamic Light Scattering and Bicinchoninic Acid assays. Extensive data collection and preprocessing were performed. RF and SVM models were trained and evaluated using mean absolute error (MAE), mean squared error (MSE), coefficient of determination (R²), and the a20 index as performance metrics.

Results: RF consistently outperformed SVM, achieving R² scores above 0.96 across all power densities, particularly excelling at higher power densities and indicating a strong correlation with the actual data.

Conclusion: RF outperforms SVM in drug release prediction, though both show strengths and apply based on specific prediction needs.