{"title":"大面积放牧和除草与荒芜相比对欧洲草地生物多样性的影响：荟萃分析","authors":"Andrea R. Schneider, Daniel Hering","doi":"10.1111/avsc.70003","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Background and Objective</h3>\n \n <p>Extensively managed grasslands play a crucial role in sustaining biodiversity by providing habitats for a wide range of plant and animal species. The most common management is either grazing or mowing, or grasslands are abandoned. The differential effects of these management or abandoning schemes on biodiversity patterns of extensively managed grasslands have not yet been systematically evaluated with a large number of available case studies. We aimed to identify by a meta-analysis the best option for biodiversity in extensively managed grassland in Europe.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\n \n <p>Scopus and Web of Science were systematically searched for publications that appeared before 31 January 2024 and that reported the effects of management schemes on biodiversity patterns of extensively managed grassland. Out of 971 original records, 54 full-text articles were included in the final analysis. We extracted values for mean, SD and sample size of species numbers and calculated Hedge's <i>g</i> to rate treatment effects.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Extensive management (grazing, mowing) increased species number compared to abandonment (effect size: Hedge's <i>g</i> = 1.30). For plant diversity, extensive management had a strong positive effect (<i>g</i> = 1.78), while the effect of grazing and mowing was minor for animal biodiversity (<i>g</i> = 0.03). The results were recognizably influenced by the investigated plot sizes. Small plots (<10 m<sup>2</sup>) showed a much stronger effect (<i>g</i> = 2.19) than larger plots (<i>g</i> = 0.56). The type of extensive management, grazing or mowing, had no influence on the results.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\n \n <p>In line with results on grasslands in general, our results underline that biodiversity of extensively managed grasslands benefits from extensive grazing or mowing. Although abandonment had a negligible effect on animal species richness, the effect on vegetation was strong. The low effect of abandonment on the fauna can be explained by the relatively short duration of the studies. The characteristics of grassland were still present, and it had not turned into forest. Extensive grazing or mowing are therefore the best options for grassland managed for conservation purposes.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":55494,"journal":{"name":"Applied Vegetation Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/avsc.70003","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effects of extensive grazing and mowing compared to abandonment on the biodiversity of European grasslands: A meta-analysis\",\"authors\":\"Andrea R. Schneider, Daniel Hering\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/avsc.70003\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Background and Objective</h3>\\n \\n <p>Extensively managed grasslands play a crucial role in sustaining biodiversity by providing habitats for a wide range of plant and animal species. The most common management is either grazing or mowing, or grasslands are abandoned. The differential effects of these management or abandoning schemes on biodiversity patterns of extensively managed grasslands have not yet been systematically evaluated with a large number of available case studies. We aimed to identify by a meta-analysis the best option for biodiversity in extensively managed grassland in Europe.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>Scopus and Web of Science were systematically searched for publications that appeared before 31 January 2024 and that reported the effects of management schemes on biodiversity patterns of extensively managed grassland. Out of 971 original records, 54 full-text articles were included in the final analysis. We extracted values for mean, SD and sample size of species numbers and calculated Hedge's <i>g</i> to rate treatment effects.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>Extensive management (grazing, mowing) increased species number compared to abandonment (effect size: Hedge's <i>g</i> = 1.30). For plant diversity, extensive management had a strong positive effect (<i>g</i> = 1.78), while the effect of grazing and mowing was minor for animal biodiversity (<i>g</i> = 0.03). The results were recognizably influenced by the investigated plot sizes. Small plots (<10 m<sup>2</sup>) showed a much stronger effect (<i>g</i> = 2.19) than larger plots (<i>g</i> = 0.56). The type of extensive management, grazing or mowing, had no influence on the results.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\\n \\n <p>In line with results on grasslands in general, our results underline that biodiversity of extensively managed grasslands benefits from extensive grazing or mowing. Although abandonment had a negligible effect on animal species richness, the effect on vegetation was strong. The low effect of abandonment on the fauna can be explained by the relatively short duration of the studies. The characteristics of grassland were still present, and it had not turned into forest. Extensive grazing or mowing are therefore the best options for grassland managed for conservation purposes.</p>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":55494,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Applied Vegetation Science\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-11-15\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/avsc.70003\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Applied Vegetation Science\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/avsc.70003\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"ECOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Applied Vegetation Science","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/avsc.70003","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ECOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Effects of extensive grazing and mowing compared to abandonment on the biodiversity of European grasslands: A meta-analysis
Background and Objective
Extensively managed grasslands play a crucial role in sustaining biodiversity by providing habitats for a wide range of plant and animal species. The most common management is either grazing or mowing, or grasslands are abandoned. The differential effects of these management or abandoning schemes on biodiversity patterns of extensively managed grasslands have not yet been systematically evaluated with a large number of available case studies. We aimed to identify by a meta-analysis the best option for biodiversity in extensively managed grassland in Europe.
Materials and Methods
Scopus and Web of Science were systematically searched for publications that appeared before 31 January 2024 and that reported the effects of management schemes on biodiversity patterns of extensively managed grassland. Out of 971 original records, 54 full-text articles were included in the final analysis. We extracted values for mean, SD and sample size of species numbers and calculated Hedge's g to rate treatment effects.
Results
Extensive management (grazing, mowing) increased species number compared to abandonment (effect size: Hedge's g = 1.30). For plant diversity, extensive management had a strong positive effect (g = 1.78), while the effect of grazing and mowing was minor for animal biodiversity (g = 0.03). The results were recognizably influenced by the investigated plot sizes. Small plots (<10 m2) showed a much stronger effect (g = 2.19) than larger plots (g = 0.56). The type of extensive management, grazing or mowing, had no influence on the results.
Conclusion
In line with results on grasslands in general, our results underline that biodiversity of extensively managed grasslands benefits from extensive grazing or mowing. Although abandonment had a negligible effect on animal species richness, the effect on vegetation was strong. The low effect of abandonment on the fauna can be explained by the relatively short duration of the studies. The characteristics of grassland were still present, and it had not turned into forest. Extensive grazing or mowing are therefore the best options for grassland managed for conservation purposes.
期刊介绍：
Applied Vegetation Science focuses on community-level topics relevant to human interaction with vegetation, including global change, nature conservation, nature management, restoration of plant communities and of natural habitats, and the planning of semi-natural and urban landscapes. Vegetation survey, modelling and remote-sensing applications are welcome. Papers on vegetation science which do not fit to this scope (do not have an applied aspect and are not vegetation survey) should be directed to our associate journal, the Journal of Vegetation Science. Both journals publish papers on the ecology of a single species only if it plays a key role in structuring plant communities.
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