Synthetic Approaches Toward Imidazo-Fused Heterocycles: A Comprehensive Review

Imidazole moiety when fused with other heterocyclic system form numerous compounds with different types of pharmacological and biological activities. In this review, we discussed a comprehensive analysis of the synthetic methodologies and reaction mechanisms for imidazo-fused heterocyclic molecules. These molecules represent a crucial class of compounds due to their significant applications and versatile chemical reactivity. This article meticulously examined various synthetic routes for the construction of imidazo-fused heterocycles, ranging from traditional methods to modern approaches such as microwave-assisted reactions, NPs-catalyzed reactions, light-mediated synthesis, electrochemical reactions, and transition metal-free synthesis routes. By consolidating the current knowledge and highlighting future directions, this review aims to serve as a treasure for research community in the fields of organic chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and material science.