评估嵌甲患者的诱发因素:一项前瞻性病例对照研究。

IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 DERMATOLOGY Archives of Dermatological Research Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI:10.1007/s00403-024-03510-2
Pınar Ozdemir Cetinkaya, Birgül Özkesici Kurt, Aslı Aksu, Sumeyye Nur Aydin, Hazel Ezgi Kaya, Ilknur Kıvanç Altunay
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引用次数: 0

摘要

脚趾甲内生(IGTN)是一种普遍存在的、使人衰弱的指甲疾病,当甲板边缘异常生长并穿透甲周真皮时就会发生。病因中已发现多种风险因素。在本研究中,我们旨在调查导致患者易患 IGTN 的风险因素。这项前瞻性病例对照研究包括 130 名 IGTN 患者和 130 名年龄和性别匹配的对照组。研究询问了社会人口学数据、临床特征和易感因素。研究采用多变量逻辑回归(Enter and Forward:LR)分析来确定与 IGTN 相关的风险因素。IGTN 组包括 63 名女性(48.5%)和 67 名男性(51.5%),中位年龄为 31 岁(IQR = 28.25)。研究组中最常见的 IGTN 类型是远侧嵌顿,有 115 名患者(88.5%)发生了这种情况。IGTN 的中位持续时间为 5.5 个月(IQR = 10 个月)。在多变量回归分析中,存在指甲修剪不当(OR:7.063;95% CI:3.604-13.843)、多汗症(OR:2.648;95% CI:1.198-5.853)、足部卫生不良(OR:4.873;95% CI:2.271-10.456)、足/趾畸形(OR:5.413;95% CI:1.508-19.427)、指甲弧度增加(OR:2.588;95% CI:1.024-6.543)、甲癣(OR:3.506;95% CI:1.267-9.705)、体重指数增加(OR:1.126;95% CI:1.038-1.221)是增加 IGTN 风险的易感因素。不正确的指甲修剪、多汗症、足部卫生差、甲癣、指甲弯曲度增加、足/趾畸形和体重指数增加被认为是导致该病的重要病因。考虑到这些风险因素大多是可以改变的,向公众宣传风险因素将减少 IGTN 的发病率,而改变患者的风险因素将能迅速控制病情并减少复发。
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Evaluation of predisposing factors in patients with ingrown toenails: a prospective, case-control study

Ingrown toenails (IGTN) are a prevalent, debilitating nail disorder that occurs when the edge of the nail plate grows abnormally to penetrate the periungual dermis. Multiple risk factors have been identified in the etiology. In this study, we aimed to investigate the risk factors that predispose patients to IGTN. This prospective, case-control study consisted of 130 patients with IGTN and 130 age- and sex-matched controls. The sociodemographic data, clinical features, and predisposing factors were questioned. Multivariate logistic regression (Enter and Forward: LR) analysis was applied to determine the risk factors related to IGTN. The IGTN group comprised 63 (48.5%) females and 67 (51.5%) males with a median age of 31 (IQR = 28.25) years. The most common type of IGTN in the study group was distal-lateral ingrowing in 115 (88.5%) patients. The median duration of IGTN was 5.5 (IQR = 10) months. In the multivariate regression analyses, the presence of improper nail trimming (OR: 7.063; 95% CI: 3.604–13.843), presence of hyperhidrosis (OR: 2.648; 95% CI: 1.198–5.853), poor foot hygiene (OR: 4.873; 95% CI: 2.271–10.456), presence of foot/toe deformity (OR: 5.413; 95% CI: 1.508–19.427), presence of increased curvature of the nails (OR: 2.588; 95% CI: 1.024–6.543), presence of onychomycosis (OR: 3.506; 95% CI: 1.267–9.705), increase in BMI (OR: 1.126; 95% CI: 1.038–1.221) were found to be the predisposing factors that increased the risk of IGTN. Improper nail trimming, hyperhidrosis, poor foot hygiene, onychomycosis, increased curvature of the nails, foot/toe deformity and increase in BMI were found to contribute significantly to the etiopathogenesis of the disease. Considering that most of these risk factors were modifiable, informing the public about risk factors will reduce the frequency of IGTN, and modifying risk factors in patients will enable rapid control of the disease and reduce recurrences.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
3.30%
发文量
30
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Archives of Dermatological Research is a highly rated international journal that publishes original contributions in the field of experimental dermatology, including papers on biochemistry, morphology and immunology of the skin. The journal is among the few not related to dermatological associations or belonging to respective societies which guarantees complete independence. This English-language journal also offers a platform for review articles in areas of interest for dermatologists and for publication of innovative clinical trials.
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