Renal transplantation in Alport syndrome.

Kidney transplantation is recognized as an effective treatment for end-stage renal disease in Alport syndrome, demonstrating outcomes comparable to or even superior to those in other causes of renal failure. When considering living related donor kidney transplantation for Alport syndrome patients, it is crucial to consider genetic factors during the donor selection process. In addition to a comprehensive health check, genetic testing is strongly recommended for potential donors at risk of carrying mutations in COL4A3-COL4A5 before undergoing kidney transplantation. Individuals carrying these mutations face an inherent risk of kidney disease and due to the possibility of further deterioration in renal function after nephrectomy for transplantation, they are not suitable as priority donors. Posttransplant anti-glomerular basement membrane nephritis is rare but can lead to graft loss, especially in males with X-linked Alport syndrome.