应对铅(Pb)污染:整合生物监测、先进检测和补救措施,促进环境和公共健康

IF 3.8 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI:10.1007/s11270-024-07646-9
Saima Zafar, Sehrish Fatima, Farkhanda Asad, Muhammad Muzammil Nazir, Sania Batool, Asma Ashraf
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引用次数: 0

摘要

重金属污染,尤其是铅(Pb),造成了严重的全球健康问题。铅的工业使用造成了广泛的环境污染和严重的毒性,包括神经系统疾病、儿童发育问题和慢性疾病。自然过程以及冶炼和电池生产等人类活动是造成铅污染的主要原因。儿童和孕妇尤其容易受到铅暴露的影响,铅暴露会对许多器官系统产生广泛的影响。原子光谱法和地理信息系统等检测技术以及纳米技术和人工智能等修复技术的最新进展加强了对铅污染的监测和缓解。采用生物指标进行生物监测,以及确定接触、影响和易感性的生物标志物,对于开发有针对性的疗法以减少铅危害至关重要。此外,生物监测和环境监测对于找到最有效的修复程序也至关重要。虽然目前的物理修复程序是成功的,但它们往往既昂贵又复杂。基于微生物的修复是一种潜在的、低维护成本的选择。本综述强调跨学科合作,通过精确的生物监测引领修复活动,并提出管理解决方案,从而抵御铅污染。它结合了最近在监测和修复技术方面的改进,为有效解决铅暴露问题奠定了坚实的基础。这些活动旨在减少危险,保护人类健康,确保子孙后代的环境安全。
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Combating Lead (Pb) Contamination: Integrating Biomonitoring, Advanced Detection, and Remediation for Environmental and Public Health

Heavy metal contamination, particularly lead (Pb), causes serious global health problems. The industrial use of Pb has resulted in broad environmental contamination and severe toxicity, including neurological illnesses, developmental problems in children, and chronic diseases. Natural processes as well as human activity such as smelting and battery production are major causes of Pb contamination. Children and pregnant women are especially vulnerable to Pb exposure, which has a wide-ranging impact on many organ systems. Recent advances in detection, such as atomic spectrometry and GIS, as well as remediation technologies, such as nanotechnology and artificial intelligence, have enhanced monitoring and mitigation of lead contamination. Biomonitoring employing biological indicators, as well as identifying biomarkers of exposure, effect, and susceptibility, are critical for developing tailored therapies to reduce Pb harm. Furthermore, biomonitoring and environmental monitoring are critical in finding the most effective remediation procedures. While current physical repair procedures are successful, they are frequently expensive and complicated. Microbe-based remediation is a potential, low-maintenance option. This review emphasizes interdisciplinary collaboration to defend against Pb contamination by leading remediation activities with precise biomonitoring and proposing management solutions. It incorporates recent improvements in monitoring and remediation technology, resulting in a strong foundation for efficiently addressing Pb exposure. These activities are intended to reduce dangers, protect human health, and assure environmental safety for future generations.

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来源期刊
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
6.90%
发文量
448
审稿时长
2.6 months
期刊介绍: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution is an international, interdisciplinary journal on all aspects of pollution and solutions to pollution in the biosphere. This includes chemical, physical and biological processes affecting flora, fauna, water, air and soil in relation to environmental pollution. Because of its scope, the subject areas are diverse and include all aspects of pollution sources, transport, deposition, accumulation, acid precipitation, atmospheric pollution, metals, aquatic pollution including marine pollution and ground water, waste water, pesticides, soil pollution, sewage, sediment pollution, forestry pollution, effects of pollutants on humans, vegetation, fish, aquatic species, micro-organisms, and animals, environmental and molecular toxicology applied to pollution research, biosensors, global and climate change, ecological implications of pollution and pollution models. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution also publishes manuscripts on novel methods used in the study of environmental pollutants, environmental toxicology, environmental biology, novel environmental engineering related to pollution, biodiversity as influenced by pollution, novel environmental biotechnology as applied to pollution (e.g. bioremediation), environmental modelling and biorestoration of polluted environments. Articles should not be submitted that are of local interest only and do not advance international knowledge in environmental pollution and solutions to pollution. Articles that simply replicate known knowledge or techniques while researching a local pollution problem will normally be rejected without review. Submitted articles must have up-to-date references, employ the correct experimental replication and statistical analysis, where needed and contain a significant contribution to new knowledge. The publishing and editorial team sincerely appreciate your cooperation. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution publishes research papers; review articles; mini-reviews; and book reviews.
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