The strategy of copper oxide control ammonia atmosphere constructs S-scheme g-C3N4 heterojunction photocatalyst for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Graphite carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) is a promising candidate for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, but only shows mediocre activity due to insufficient active sites and sluggish charge transfer. Herein, we assembled 1D/0D holey sulfur doped rectangular hollow g-C₃N₄ nanotubes (HSCNT)/CdS S-scheme heterojunction via the strategy of copper oxide control ammonia atmosphere and in-situ deposition method. Advanced characterization results suggested that copper oxide plays an important role in morphology regulation to increase the active site, and S-scheme heterojunction can efficiently promote charge separation through their specially coupled heterogeneous interface. As a result, HSCNT/CdS exhibited dramatically improved photocatalytic hydrogen production at 68-fold enhancement compared to bulk g-C₃N₄ (BCN). The integrated strategy may offer a unique example for the rational combination morphology regulation of carbon nitride and heterogeneous structure construction.