Dataset on developing climate-smart transplanted Aus rice variety BRRI dhan98 suitable for partially irrigated ecosystem in Bangladesh

This dataset provides an in-depth analysis of rice yield and grain quality attributes in four successive four years across 27 diverse environments in Bangladesh. The analysis emphasizes assessing the performance of studied genotypes (GEN), environments (ENV), and their interrelations (GEI). The research aim is to detect a stable and adaptive rice cultivar that not only displays high yield, and better grain quality but also has molecular data to know favorable alleles and biotic and abiotic stress-related traits. The combined ANOVA revealed significant GEN, ENV, and GEI effects on grain yield (p ≤ 0.001). Cultivar BR9011-67-4-1 produced the highest mean yield at 4.77 t/ha, whereas BRRI dhan48 had the lowest yield at 4.66 t/ha. In the C1E2 environment, BR9011-67-4-1 exhibited the highest yield at 6.06 t/ha. The broad-sense heritability was found at 0.481 and selection accuracy was accounted (0.985). AMMI analysis displayed significant effects on yield from ENV, GEN, and GEI (<0.0001), with the first two principal components elucidating 100 % of the variance. BR9011-67-4-1 was found the most stable cultivar based on AMMI stability analysis, with the highest AMMI-based stability parameter (ASTAB), AMMI stability value (ASV), and AMMI stability index (ASI). Based on the GGE biplot, BR9011-67-4-1 performed better in eleven environments. In the grain quality analysis, BR9011-67-4-1 had the highest amylose (27.9 %) and protein content (9.5 %) compared to BR26 and BRRI dhan48. Head rice yield positively correlated with milled rice breadth and thousand seed weight. Based on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, BR9011-67-4-1 possessed 9 significant QTLs having grain qualities traits (amylose content, chalkiness, and grain number), abiotic stress (salt and cold tolerance, drought), and biotic stress (blast, BLB, BPH) compare to other cultivars. Finally, the genotype BR9011-67-4-1 has been released as BRRI dhan98 in the year of 2020 by 103th National Seed Board committee and its outcome highlight the importance of selecting suitable cultivar for the commercial rice production throughout Bangladesh and accounting for environmental conditions in rice breeding programs.