非洲艾滋病毒相关神经认知障碍:挑战、特点和未来方向。

IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES AIDS Research and Therapy Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI:10.1186/s12981-024-00677-6
Tobi Olajide, Evelyn Ogungbemi, Gideon Olajide, Deborah Ogundijo, Oluwanifemi Osakuade, Favour Moshood
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)对非洲神经认知的影响是一个紧迫的公共卫生问题,对整个非洲大陆的个人福祉和医疗保健系统都有深远的影响。本文旨在阐明HIV感染与神经认知功能之间的复杂关系,特别是HIV相关的神经认知障碍(HAND),抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)的效果和神经病理改变。来自非洲的证据强调了艾滋病毒感染者中神经认知障碍患病率的差异。例如,一项荟萃分析显示,中非和南非的神经认知障碍(NCI)总患病率最高(49.33%),其次是东非(45.04%)和西非(42.40%)。这些差异可能反映了不同的抗逆转录病毒治疗覆盖率、卫生保健基础设施和结核病等合并感染的流行情况,突出了针对特定区域的干预措施和适合当地情况的支持服务的重要性。此外,诸如诊断晚、方法变化、治疗不依从以及获得专业护理的机会有限等挑战加剧了这种情况下神经认知障碍的负担。解决非洲艾滋病毒和神经认知的复杂交叉问题需要涉及各种利益相关者的多方面方法,包括医疗保健提供者、政策制定者、研究人员和社区组织。加强认识、教育和能力建设举措可以改善艾滋病毒感染者神经认知障碍的早期发现和管理。此外,投资神经认知护理的基础设施和资源,包括诊断工具和康复服务,对于满足这一人口日益增长的需求至关重要。此外,促进研究合作和知识交流对于提高我们对艾滋病毒相关神经认知障碍的理解和开发基于证据的干预措施非常重要。通过促进学术界、卫生保健机构和政府机构之间的伙伴关系,我们可以促进将研究成果转化为政策和实践,最终改善非洲受HAND影响的个人的成果和生活质量。
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HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders in Africa: challenges, peculiarities, and future directions.

The impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) on neurocognition in Africa is a pressing public health issue, with profound implications for both individual well-being and healthcare systems across the continent. This narrative review aims to elucidate the intricate relationship between HIV infection and neurocognitive function, particularly focusing on HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), the effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART), and neuropathological changes. Evidence from Africa emphasizes the variability in the prevalence of neurocognitive impairment among people living with HIV. For instance, a meta-analysis showed that Central and South Africa had the highest pooled prevalence of neurocognitive impairment (NCI) (49.33%), followed by East Africa (45.04%) and West Africa (42.40%). These differences may reflect varying ART coverage, healthcare infrastructure, and the prevalence of co-infections like tuberculosis highlighting the importance of region-specific interventions and support services tailored to local contexts. Furthermore, challenges such as late diagnosis, methodological variations, treatment non-adherence, and limited access to specialized care exacerbate the burden of neurocognitive impairment in this setting. Addressing the complex intersection of HIV and neurocognition in Africa requires a multifaceted approach involving various stakeholders, including healthcare providers, policymakers, researchers, and community organizations. Enhancing awareness, education, and capacity- building initiatives can improve early detection and management of neurocognitive disorders among individuals living with HIV. Moreover, investment in infrastructure and resources for neurocognitive care, including diagnostic tools and rehabilitation services, is essential to meet the growing needs of this population. Additionally, promoting research collaboration and knowledge exchange is important for advancing our understanding of HIV-related neurocognitive impairment and developing evidence-based interventions. By fostering partnerships between academia, healthcare institutions, and governmental agencies, we can facilitate the translation of research findings into policy and practice, ultimately improving outcomes and quality of life for individuals affected by HAND in Africa.

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来源期刊
AIDS Research and Therapy
AIDS Research and Therapy INFECTIOUS DISEASES-
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
4.50%
发文量
51
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: AIDS Research and Therapy publishes articles on basic science, translational, clinical, social, epidemiological, behavioral and educational sciences articles focused on the treatment and prevention of HIV/AIDS, and the search for the cure. The Journal publishes articles on novel and developing treatment strategies for AIDS as well as on the outcomes of established treatment strategies. Original research articles on animal models that form an essential part of the AIDS treatment research are also considered
期刊最新文献
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