Uncovering Hidden Patterns: Macrophage-like Cell Distribution Across Different Stages of Posterior Vitreous Detachment.

Purpose: To investigate the distribution of macrophage-like cells (MLCs) across different stages of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD).

Methods: A total of 168 eyes from 168 subjects were included. MLCs were imaged by acquiring en face OCT images at depths of 5 to 10 µm on the inner limiting membrane, as well as using B-scan OCT. Participants were categorized into three groups according to the degree of PVD: Group A for stage 1a PVD, Group B for stages 1b and 2 PVD, and Group C for stages 3 and 4 PVD. Localized vitreoretinal relationships were categorized into vitreoretinal adhesions, type 1a PVD, where the vitreous and retina are not clearly separated, and type 1b PVD, where there is clear separation.

Results: MLC density was sequentially lower in Groups A, B, and C. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that MLC density was correlated with both the PVD group and age (both P < 0.001). In Group A, MLC density was significantly higher in type 1a PVD than in the vitreoretinal adhesion area. In Group B, the distribution of MLCs in the vitreoretinal adhesion region was significantly less than in type 1a PVD and type 1b PVD. MLCs were more sparsely distributed in Group C.

Conclusions: MLCs exhibit distinct distribution patterns in various stages of PVD.