A review of the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicity for the genus Geum (Rosaceae).

The genus Geum (family Rosaceae) comprises about 70 species, of which several species have been characterized from Eurasia as notably as folk medicines for the treatment of anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, diuretics and astringent. Phytochemical analysis indicated that Geum species produce monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenes, triterpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, phenylpropanoids, and others compounds. Additionally, modern studies have found they possess diverse pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, cardiovascular, and antitumor effects. Regardless of the remarkable medical potential of Geum extracts, clinical studies are limited and need to be performed to produce safer and less expensive plant-based drugs. This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of Geum species, covering their traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities, and to summarize the current research status to better understand the application value of Geum plants in modern phytotherapy.