Marlissa A. Campbell, Shannon R. Murphy, Susan A. Klasing, Yassaman Niknam, Poorni Iyer, Beckye Stanton, Lauren Zeise
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Exposure levels associated with DNT were compared with those known to cause adult toxicity. The findings are discussed in the context of the well-characterized mechanism of DA neurotoxicity, as well as the toxicokinetics of DA across species and life stages.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>DNT outcomes were reported with a no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) 10 times lower than the NOAEL of 0.75 mg DA/kg for acute effects in adults. 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Life Course Considerations in Environmental Health: Developmental Neurotoxicity of Domoic Acid at Doses Below Acute Effect Levels in Adult Humans
Background
Current US federal action levels for domoic acid (DA) in seafood are based on acute toxicity observed in exposed adult humans. Life course considerations have not been incorporated. The potential for developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) at permissible DA levels has previously been noted, but not methodically assessed.
Methods
Studies of DNT following DA exposure in experimental and wild animals were identified through a comprehensive search strategy. Evidence from papers meeting inclusion criteria was evaluated for specific outcomes reported for doses at which adverse effects were observed. Exposure levels associated with DNT were compared with those known to cause adult toxicity. The findings are discussed in the context of the well-characterized mechanism of DA neurotoxicity, as well as the toxicokinetics of DA across species and life stages.
Conclusions
DNT outcomes were reported with a no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) 10 times lower than the NOAEL of 0.75 mg DA/kg for acute effects in adults. Apart from reviewing current regulatory action levels, public health outreach messaging to health care professionals and sensitive populations, such as pregnant or breastfeeding women, should be considered as a means of increasing awareness about risk for DNT from consumption of potentially DA-contaminated seafood.
期刊介绍：
The journal Birth Defects Research publishes original research and reviews in areas related to the etiology of adverse developmental and reproductive outcome. In particular the journal is devoted to the publication of original scientific research that contributes to the understanding of the biology of embryonic development and the prenatal causative factors and mechanisms leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes, namely structural and functional birth defects, pregnancy loss, postnatal functional defects in the human population, and to the identification of prenatal factors and biological mechanisms that reduce these risks.
Adverse reproductive and developmental outcomes may have genetic, environmental, nutritional or epigenetic causes. Accordingly, the journal Birth Defects Research takes an integrated, multidisciplinary approach in its organization and publication strategy. The journal Birth Defects Research contains separate sections for clinical and molecular teratology, developmental and reproductive toxicology, and reviews in developmental biology to acknowledge and accommodate the integrative nature of research in this field. Each section has a dedicated editor who is a leader in his/her field and who has full editorial authority in his/her area.
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