Prediction Value of High Serum Pentraxin-3 for Short-Term Recurrence of Cerebral Infarction in Patients Accompanied with Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis Within One Year.

Objective: Elevated serum pentraxin-3 levels are generally considered a risk factor for atherosclerosis. However, there is limited data on the relationship between pentraxin-3 and cerebral infarction (CI) accompanied by intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS). This study aims to investigate the association between pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) and short-term recurrence in cerebral infarction caused by ICAS patients within one year.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted. Cerebral infarction accompanied by intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (CI-ICAS) patients were selected from January 2020 to December 2023. Recurrent ischemic stroke (RIS) is defined as a new neurological deficit that appears after a period of clinical stabilization, lasting more than 24 hours, with an attributable new ischemic lesion that can be confirmed by CT or MRI. Serum pentraxin-3 levels were determined on admission. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between serum pentraxin-3 and RIS.

Results: Among 398 patients enrolled, 112 cases (28.1%) had recurrence within one year. The elevation of serum PTX-3 level in patients accompanied with ICAS was independently correlated with recurrent stroke. Therefore, it is worth considering the possibility of intervening in higher PTX-3 levels. Serum pentraxin-3 was significantly higher in patients with RIS (15.16 vs 10.21 µmol/L, P<0.001). Correlation analysis showed that PTX-3 was correlated with age, LDL, Hs-CRP, Baseline NIHSS score, and Hcy (P < 0.001). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that pentraxin-3 remained an independent predictor of recurrent ischemic stroke after adjusting for major confounding factors (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.06-1.39, P = 0.007).

Conclusion: The elevation of serum pentraxin-3 level in patients with ischemic stroke was independently correlated with the recurrence of stroke within one year. Therefore, intervention in serum pentraxin-3 levels may be worth considering.