{"title":"轴突初始段的内吞作用:在神经元极性和可塑性中的作用。","authors":"Kelsie Eichel","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2024.102949","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The axon initial segment (AIS) is a specialized domain that maintains neuronal polarity and is the site of action potential generation, both of which underlie the neuron's ability to send and receive signals. Disruption of the AIS leads to a loss of neuronal polarity, altered neuronal signaling, and an array of neurological disorders. Therefore, understanding how the AIS forms and functions is a central question in cellular neuroscience that is essential to understanding neuronal physiology. Decades of study have identified many molecular components and mechanisms at the AIS. Recently, endocytosis at the AIS has been identified to function in both maintaining neuronal polarity and in mediating AIS plasticity through its ability to dynamically remodel the plasma membrane composition. This review discusses the emerging evidence for the roles of endocytosis in regulating AIS function and structural insights into how endocytosis can occur at the AIS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102949"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Endocytosis in the axon initial segment: Roles in neuronal polarity and plasticity\",\"authors\":\"Kelsie Eichel\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.conb.2024.102949\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>The axon initial segment (AIS) is a specialized domain that maintains neuronal polarity and is the site of action potential generation, both of which underlie the neuron's ability to send and receive signals. Disruption of the AIS leads to a loss of neuronal polarity, altered neuronal signaling, and an array of neurological disorders. Therefore, understanding how the AIS forms and functions is a central question in cellular neuroscience that is essential to understanding neuronal physiology. Decades of study have identified many molecular components and mechanisms at the AIS. Recently, endocytosis at the AIS has been identified to function in both maintaining neuronal polarity and in mediating AIS plasticity through its ability to dynamically remodel the plasma membrane composition. This review discusses the emerging evidence for the roles of endocytosis in regulating AIS function and structural insights into how endocytosis can occur at the AIS.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":10999,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Current Opinion in Neurobiology\",\"volume\":\"90 \",\"pages\":\"Article 102949\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-02-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Current Opinion in Neurobiology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438824001119\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"NEUROSCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438824001119","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"NEUROSCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Endocytosis in the axon initial segment: Roles in neuronal polarity and plasticity
The axon initial segment (AIS) is a specialized domain that maintains neuronal polarity and is the site of action potential generation, both of which underlie the neuron's ability to send and receive signals. Disruption of the AIS leads to a loss of neuronal polarity, altered neuronal signaling, and an array of neurological disorders. Therefore, understanding how the AIS forms and functions is a central question in cellular neuroscience that is essential to understanding neuronal physiology. Decades of study have identified many molecular components and mechanisms at the AIS. Recently, endocytosis at the AIS has been identified to function in both maintaining neuronal polarity and in mediating AIS plasticity through its ability to dynamically remodel the plasma membrane composition. This review discusses the emerging evidence for the roles of endocytosis in regulating AIS function and structural insights into how endocytosis can occur at the AIS.
期刊介绍:
Current Opinion in Neurobiology publishes short annotated reviews by leading experts on recent developments in the field of neurobiology. These experts write short reviews describing recent discoveries in this field (in the past 2-5 years), as well as highlighting select individual papers of particular significance.
The journal is thus an important resource allowing researchers and educators to quickly gain an overview and rich understanding of complex and current issues in the field of Neurobiology. The journal takes a unique and valuable approach in focusing each special issue around a topic of scientific and/or societal interest, and then bringing together leading international experts studying that topic, embracing diverse methodologies and perspectives.
Journal Content: The journal consists of 6 issues per year, covering 8 recurring topics every other year in the following categories:
-Neurobiology of Disease-
Neurobiology of Behavior-
Cellular Neuroscience-
Systems Neuroscience-
Developmental Neuroscience-
Neurobiology of Learning and Plasticity-
Molecular Neuroscience-
Computational Neuroscience