The effect of workability-related factors in patients with end-stage kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis.

Background: The disability of patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and the possibility of reducing the ability to work for patients who are receiving hemodialysis require extensive investigations worldwide. In this regard, we aimed to investigate employment status and its effect on a large group of work ability-related factors in these patients.

Methods: A total of 191 patients with ESKD who were referred to the dialysis department of Guilan Educational and Medical Centers, Rasht, Iran, in 2023 participated. The demographic and occupational data, clinical characteristics, and laboratory findings of the patients were recorded. A work ability index questionnaire was used to record the ability to work.

Results: According to the results, 37.7% of people undergoing hemodialysis were employed, 45.4% of those who were not employed, lost their jobs before, and 54.6% lost their jobs after starting hemodialysis. Patients with lower values of work ability index found to be significantly older, illiterate, with lower job satisfaction and high frequency of absence from their job. Also, they were unemployed individuals with high rates of disability and no history of job change (P < 0.05 for all). Additionally, current unemployment, history of job changes, and packed red blood cell transfusion were predictive variables of the ability to work in hemodialysis patients (P < 0.001, P = 0.046, P = 0.046).

Conclusions: Our results illustrated that the employment rate is low among patients with ESKD even before starting hemodialysis. Patients with higher age, less education, disability and anemia are at higher risk of weak ability to work.