Synthesis of low-cost microporous activated carbon adsorbents for CO2 capture from Palmyra palm fruit shell waste biomass

Using chemical activation techniques at dissimilar carbonization temperatures, activated carbon adsorbents were produced from Palmyra palm fruit biomass in this work. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, laser Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, CHNS-elemental analysis, and N₂ adsorption studies were among the characterization techniques used to assess the characteristics of the carbon adsorbents. The carbon adsorbents from Palmyra palm fruit were used to absorb CO₂ in a temperature range of 25–70°C. The findings of the characterization showed that these carbons have a large surface area and microporosity. The temperature of carbonization and the activating agent had an impact on the surface characteristics. The samples with the highest adsorption capacity, 4.70 mmol/g at 25°C, were the activated carbons made by treating them with KOH and then carbonizing them at 750°C. The physicochemical properties of the adsorbents provided an explanation for their high adsorption capacity. The adsorbents showed simple desorption and maintained constant activity during ten cycles of recycling.