Non-antibiotic approaches to mitigating wound infections: Potential for SSRIs and adrenergic antagonists as emerging therapeutics.

Bacterial biofilms represent a formidable challenge in the treatment of chronic wounds, largely because of their resistance to conventional antibiotics. The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains exacerbates this issue, necessitating a shift towards exploring alternative therapeutic approaches. In response to this urgent need, there has been a surge in research efforts aimed at identifying effective non-antibiotic treatments. Recently noted among the non-antibiotic options are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and beta-adrenergic (β-AR) antagonists. Both have demonstrated antimicrobial activities and wound-healing properties, which makes them particularly promising potential therapeutics for chronic wounds. This review seeks to comprehensively evaluate the landscape of non-antibiotic strategies for managing wound infections. By analysing the latest research findings and clinical developments, it aims to shed light on emerging therapeutic alternatives. Additionally, the review delves into the potential of repurposing systemic therapeutics for topical application, offering insights into the feasibility and challenges associated with current approaches. We also address the necessity of translating promising preclinical results into tangible clinical benefits.