Exploring Perceptions of Hospice Care in the American Muslim Community: A Qualitative Descriptive Study.

Objectives: To explore American Muslims' perceptions and experiences regarding hospice care within the United States.

Methods: A qualitative descriptive study of 11 participants, including one patient and ten family caregivers. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using a framework approach to identify key themes related to perceptions, ethical concerns, and experiences with hospice care.

Results: Three primary themes emerged: 1) notions of when hospice care should be sought; 2) Islamic ethical concerns about sedation and nutrition, and 3) positive experiences with hospice care accommodating religious beliefs and providing support. Participants' perceptions of the need for hospice care varied, though many associated it with the last hours or days of life. Ethical concerns emerged around the use of medications like morphine, which could lead to sedation and interfere with religious practices, such as prayer and a final testification of faith. Additionally, the ethical concerns regarding nutrition and hydration for terminally ill patients raised questions about the alignment of such practices with Islamic bioethical values, which emphasize both preserving life and avoiding harm. Positive experiences included respect for religious beliefs, Qur'an recitations, and accommodation of prayer times.

Conclusion: Misconceptions about hospice conflicting with religious practices and Islamic ethical concerns may influence the acceptance and utilization of hospice care within the American Muslim community. Tailored educational initiatives and the integration of religious values into hospice care can foster informed decision-making, enhance patient satisfaction, and improve overall care outcomes.