Unraveling the Effects of Metal–Support Interaction on Nitrogen Reduction: A Theoretical Study in Au13/BiOCl

Understanding the mechanism of the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is essential for designing highly efficient catalysts. In this study, we investigated the effects of the metal–support interaction (MSI) on NRR using density functional theory. The simulations revealed that the MSI is weak in the Au₁₃/BiOCl system, with charge accumulation and depletion primarily occurring within the Au₁₃ cluster. By replacement of one Au atom with either a Ag or Pt atom, the MSI becomes stronger compared to that in the Au₁₃/BiOCl system. The is because doping breaks the symmetry of the Au₁₃ cluster, leading to charge accumulation and depletion at the interface. Specifically, this enhanced MSI reduces the energy barriers of the rate-determining step from 1.07 eV in the Au₁₃/BiOCl system to 0.91 eV in Au₁₂Ag/BiOCl and 0.87 eV in Au₁₂Pt/BiOCl, respectively. Our study uncovers the critical role of MSI in the activity of NRR, providing theoretical insights for the development of highly efficient NRR catalysts.