The impact of palliative care contact on the use of hospital resources at the end of life for brain tumor patients; a nationwide register-based cohort study.

Purpose: The aim of this nationwide retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the timing of the first specialist palliative care (SPC) contact and its impact on the use of hospital resources at the end of life in patients with brain tumors.

Materials and methods: The analysis comprised 373 brain tumor patients who died during 2019 in Finland. Patients were divided into two groups according to the time of first SPC contact: early, i.e. first SPC contact more than 30 days before death, and late, i.e. no SPC contact or 30 days or less before death.

Results: 216 (58%) were male, with a mean age of 67 years (range 18-94). SPC contact was established for 102 (27%) patients and the median time of first SPC contact before death was 76 days. Patients with an early SPC contact had fewer outpatient clinic contacts (28% vs. 53%; p-value < 0.001) and fewer hospitalization (10% vs. 37%; p-value < 0.001) in secondary care compared with patients with late SPC contact. Early SPC contact had no impact on emergency department contacts. Patients with early SPC contact were more likely to die at long term care facility or in SPC wards instead of hospital (p-value < 0.001) compared to patients with late SPC contact (hospital deaths 51% vs. 80%, respectively).

Conclusions: Early SPC contact reduced the burden on secondary care for brain tumor patients in the last months of life. Palliative care contact should be offered early to all brain tumor patients.