Analysis of Outcomes and Factors Influencing Community-Acquired Pressure Injury: A Retrospective Review of 413 Patients.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the outcomes and influencing factors of patients with community-acquired pressure injuries (CAPIs) and provide insights for clinical practice.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Subjects and setting: We reviewed medical records of 413 patients with a total of 522 CAPIs. Patients with CAPIs who were hospitalized at Mianyang Central Hospital, Sichuan Province, China, between December 2021 and December 2022.

Methods: Depending on CAPI outcome at the time of discharge, the patients were split into "improvement" and "no improvement" groups. Factors influencing CAPI outcomes were examined using univariate analysis followed by multivariate analysis (logistic regression).

Results: A majority of patients (n = 324, 78.5%) showed improvement, and 89 (21.5%) showed no improvement. Logistic regression analysis showed statistically significant associations between CAPI outcomes and Braden Scale for Pressure Sore Risk scores, Barthel Index for Activities of Daily living scores, along with serum albumin, hemoglobin, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein levels.

Conclusions: The outcomes of patients with CAPIs were influenced by the Braden score, the Barthel score, serum albumin and hemoglobin levels, as well as inflammatory markers, including interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein. To effectively treat and care for patients with CAPIs, nurses should develop customized nursing interventions based on the unique characteristics of patients.