A systematic review of the effectiveness of leaded glasses for ensuring safety among healthcare professionals in fluoroscopy

Background

Currently, there is an increase in procedures across various clinical specialties involving the use of ionising radiation.

Objective

The primary objective of this systematic review is to analyse and compare the existing literature regarding the effectiveness of leaded glasses for healthcare professionals.

Methods

Comprehensive literature searches were conducted for relevant studies published between 2018 and 2023 using the Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases according to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) methodology.

Results

After the complete text screening, 11 articles were deemed suitable for inclusion in the review. Leaded glasses significantly reduce eye radiation exposure, with studies showing shielding effects ranging from 10 % to 88,9 %, depending on the configuration and thickness of the glasses. For instance, lightweight glasses achieved a shielding effect of 61.4 %, while thicker lead equivalents (≥0.5 mm) offered up to ninefold dose reductions. Studies also noted the importance of lateral shielding and ergonomic designs for optimal protection. Leaded glasses significantly reduce eye lens doses but are most effective when combined with other protective measures. Factors such as head orientation, procedural complexity, and operator movement influence their performance. The findings underscore the need for standardised guidelines on protective eyewear use and further research under real-world clinical conditions.

Conclusion

It is essential to ensure the proper use of leaded glasses to minimize the risks of ionising radiation for healthcare professionals in fluoroscopy procedures.