Visitor willingness to pay for decarbonizing tourism: Supporting a net-zero transition in Nusa Penida, Indonesia

This study investigates visitor preferences and willingness to pay for emission reduction initiatives in Nusa Penida, Indonesia, a renowned tourism destination. The research focuses on integrating renewable energy and sustainable transportation to support a net-zero transition, emphasizing equitable and just strategies for the local community. Employing a Choice Experiment (CE) framework, the study evaluates visitor support for initiatives aimed at reducing direct emissions from transportation and indirect emissions from electricity usage. The results reveal a significant willingness among visitors to financially back these initiatives, highlighting the economic potential of clean investments funded through tourism. Key insights include the economic benefits of renewable energy, the critical role of community involvement in planning and implementation, and the ecological advantages of sustainable infrastructure. These findings provide vital policy recommendations for achieving a just transition to net-zero emissions, promoting economic prosperity, social equity, and environmental sustainability. This research serves as a comprehensive guide for policymakers, stakeholders, and international collaborators, demonstrating the feasibility and benefits of a just transition in small island tourism destinations, thereby contributing to broader sustainable development goals.