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IF 2.6 3区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI:10.1002/jpln.202400188

Patrice Cannavo, Arnaud Herbreteau, Didier Juret, Mathieu Martin, René Guénon

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的由于即将实施生物垃圾分类的法律义务，由食物垃圾制成的堆肥很快就会在市场上普及。我们的实验旨在进一步了解这些堆肥对土壤理化性质和蔬菜作物的短期影响。实验方法测试了三种特性截然不同的堆肥：一种是 100% v/v 的绿色垃圾堆肥（C1），另两种是由 50% v/v 的食物垃圾和 50% v/v 的绿色垃圾组成的堆肥，一种是直接在土壤上制备的堆肥（C2），另一种是由获得法国 NFU 44-051 （AFNOR NF U 44-051, 2006）有机添加剂认证的竞争生产商生产的堆肥（C3）。它们以每公顷 100 吨（干物质）的比例施用在两种质地截然不同的农田土壤上。在土壤和堆肥混合物以及不含堆肥的土壤上种植了莴苣、萝卜和马铃薯。结果种植 74 天后，堆肥改善了一些土壤理化性质。堆肥改良土壤的饱和导水性（Ks，1 10-3-2.5 10-3 cm s-1）优于无堆肥土壤（0.5 10-3 cm s-1），在 C3 土壤中，水稳定团聚体高于初始值，在 C2 土壤中与初始值相等，而在 C1 土壤中较低。厨余堆肥促进了作物生产。与未添加堆肥的土壤相比，添加了厨余堆肥的两种土壤中所有三种作物的产量（干物质）都要高出两到三倍，而添加了绿色垃圾堆肥的土壤中，由于氮被固定，作物产量几乎下降了两倍。堆肥中添加的微量金属（尤其是铅和镉）虽然存在于植物的可食用部分，但并未超过欧洲对微量金属的规定。结论因此，厨余堆肥对土壤和蔬菜作物有积极影响，而且有机物含量越高，这些积极影响就越大。

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Short-term effects of food waste composts on physicochemical soil quality and horticultural crop production

Aim

Composts made from food waste will soon become more widespread on the market thanks to the upcoming enforcement of the legal obligation to sort biowaste. Our experiment aims at improving knowledge on the short-term effects of these composts on soils’ physicochemical properties and vegetable crops.

Methods

Three composts with contrasting characteristics were tested: a 100% v/v green waste compost (C1), and two composts composed of 50% v/v food waste and 50% v/v green waste, one prepared directly on the soil (C2) and the other from a competing producer who have the French NFU 44-051 (AFNOR NF U 44-051, 2006) certification for an organic amendment (C3). They were applied at a rate of 100 t ha⁻¹ (dry matter) on two cropped soils with contrasting textures. Soil-and-compost mixes and compost-free soil were planted with lettuce, radish, and potato.

Results

Seventy-four days after planting, composts improved some soil physicochemical properties. The compost-amended soils had better saturated hydraulic conductivity (K_s, 1 10⁻³–2.5 10⁻³ cm s⁻¹) than the compost-free soil (0.5 10⁻³ cm s⁻¹), and water-stable aggregates were higher than the initial value in C3 soil, equal to it in C2 soil, and lower in C1 soil. pH, total nitrogen, and organic carbon increased in all compost-amended soils. Food waste compost stimulated crop production. The yields (dry matter) of all three crops were two to three times higher in the two soils amended with food waste compost compared to unamended soil, whereas they decreased almost two times in the soil amended with green waste compost due to nitrogen immobilization. Trace metals (particularly Pb and Cd) added by the composts, although present in edible parts of the plants, did not exceed the European rules for trace metals.

Conclusion

Thus, food waste composts have positive effects on soils and vegetable crops, and the higher their organic matter content, the higher these positive effects.

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来源期刊

Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

8.00%

发文量

审稿时长

8-16 weeks

期刊介绍： Established in 1922, the Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science (JPNSS) is an international peer-reviewed journal devoted to cover the entire spectrum of plant nutrition and soil science from different scale units, e.g. agroecosystem to natural systems. With its wide scope and focus on soil-plant interactions, JPNSS is one of the leading journals on this topic. Articles in JPNSS include reviews, high-standard original papers, and short communications and represent challenging research of international significance. The Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science is one of the world’s oldest journals. You can trust in a peer-reviewed journal that has been established in the plant and soil science community for almost 100 years. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science (ISSN 1436-8730) is published in six volumes per year, by the German Societies of Plant Nutrition (DGP) and Soil Science (DBG). Furthermore, the Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science (JPNSS) is a Cooperating Journal of the International Union of Soil Science (IUSS). The journal is produced by Wiley-VCH. Topical Divisions of the Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science that are receiving increasing attention are: JPNSS – Topical Divisions Special timely focus in interdisciplinarity: - sustainability & critical zone science. Soil-Plant Interactions: - rhizosphere science & soil ecology - pollutant cycling & plant-soil protection - land use & climate change. Soil Science: - soil chemistry & soil physics - soil biology & biogeochemistry - soil genesis & mineralogy. Plant Nutrition: - plant nutritional physiology - nutrient dynamics & soil fertility - ecophysiological aspects of plant nutrition.

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