Teenage Pregnancy and Its Associated Factors Among Girls Aged 13–19 Years in Apac District, Uganda: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Background

This study examined teenage pregnancy among girls aged 13–19 years in Apac District, Uganda, focusing on socioeconomic, cultural, and behavioral factors. It aimed to identify prevalence and key contributors to inform targeted interventions and improve adolescent reproductive health.

Methods

This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design in Apac District, Uganda. It surveyed 432 teenage girls (13–19) using structured questionnaires to examine sociodemographic, behavioral, and sociocultural factors affecting teenage pregnancy. Data analysis was conducted in Excel and SPSS.

Results

This study identified critical factors influencing teenage pregnancy among girls aged 13–19. A striking 84.1% of pregnant adolescents are aged 13–14, demonstrating age as a primary risk factor. Educational disparities emerge, with no formal education significantly lowering pregnancy odds (AOR: 0.16, CI: 0.03–0.80). Conversely, higher parental education correlates with increased risk (AOR: 3.50, CI: 1.50–8.15). Cultural influences are notable; Muslim (AOR: 4.60, CI: 1.56–13.58) and Protestant affiliations (AOR: 2.09, CI: 1.08–4.09) elevate risks, while early marriage (AOR: 7.57, CI: 3.44–16.64) and schooling challenges (AOR: 6.97, CI: 3.18–15.31) further exacerbate vulnerability.

Conclusion

This study highlights the critical factors contributing to teenage pregnancy in Apac District, Uganda, including younger age, educational disparities, and cultural affiliations. Early marriage and schooling challenges also increase vulnerability, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to improve maternal health outcomes.