Toward Maximizing Hole Selection with Self-Assembled Monolayers in Sn-Based Perovskite Solar Cells

Even though hole-selective self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are a key player for light management and carrier management in Pb- and Sn–Pb based perovskite solar cells (PSCs), they are markedly underdeveloped for Sn PSCs. Herein, we offer multifaceted approaches as a roadmap to tackle this challenge. We systematically reviewed recent publications on Sn PSCs utilizing hole-selective SAMs to identify underexplored approaches and suboptimal photovoltaic performance. We then examined state-of-the-art PSCs based on Pb and Sn–Pb perovskites to induce their success to arise from multifaceted approaches on the substrate, SAM, perovskite, and their interfaces. Additionally, we emphasized the unique underlying properties of Sn PSCs that warrant careful consideration. Finally, we proposed feasible approaches to improve the SAM-based Sn PSCs, in light of light management and carrier management, by leveraging the unique properties of Sn perovskites alongside the multifaceted approaches proven effective in other PSCs.