Grey Relationship optimization based structural design Inspired by Cantor fractals for micromixers in nanoliposome preparation

Efficient fluid blending in small-volume flow channels with high throughput is essential for the preparation of nanoliposomes. However, designing micromixer channel structures that optimize mixing efficiency while minimizing pressure drop remains a significant challenge. To address this, we developed a micromixer based on Cantor fractal theory, incorporating cantilevered baffles on both the side and bottom surfaces. The configuration was optimized using grey relational analysis. This micromixer achieved a mixing efficiency of 0.9960 and a Poiseuille number of 647.92, demonstrating superior mixing performance and operational safety. Laser engraving was utilized to fabricate the complex flow channel structure, producing nanoliposomes with a mean particle size of 128 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.23. Furthermore, our findings reveal that the channel’s depth-to-width ratio significantly impacts both mixing efficiency and power consumption, underscoring its reliability and scalability for high-flow-rate applications.