A narrative review on MicroRNA's role in diagnosis and therapy of equine endometritis

Endometritis is a significant cause of infertility in mare. Some infectious agents disrupt the endometrium's innate immune system, resulting in a prolonged systemic inflammatory response that circulates via the blood or cellular degeneration, which ultimately leads to endometritis from bacterial endotoxins. Numerous biological processes use various small, non-coding RNA molecules called MicroRNAs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression after transcription by blocking transcription and translation. This manuscript examines patho-morphological discoveries in equine endometritis, the expression and effects of eca-miR-17, eca-miR-223, eca-miR-200a, eca-miR-155, and eca-miR-205, and the therapeutic function of miRNA in endometritis. MiRNAs play a crucial role in controlling inflammatory disorders by modulating cytokine signaling pathways. This review emphasizes the demand for cutting-edge genetic technologies and the development of novel pharmaceutical preparations to improve our understanding of the genes encoding by these miRNAs. It also focuses on the efficacy of miRNAs for control, early diagnosis, and prevention of endometritis.