Hollow nanosystem-boosting synergistic effects between photothermal therapy and chemodynamic therapy via self-supplied hydrogen peroxide and relieved hypoxia†

Nanomedicine-based photothermal therapy (PTT) has been considered as an excellent alternative for treatment of tumor tissue due to its high therapeutic efficiency and controllable range. However, the overexpression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) during PTT and the hypoxic properties of the tumor microenvironment can lead to intracellular thermal resistance and reduce its effectiveness. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), followed by the application of chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), can eliminate HSPs and overcome thermal resistance. High concentration H₂O₂ was used to catalyze oxygen production in the tumor microenvironment to improve the anaerobic state. Therefore, we present a multifunctional nanocarrier system driving chemodynamic–photodynamic–photothermal synergistic therapy via self-supplied hydrogen peroxide and relieved hypoxia for prostate tumor treatment.