Plasma amyloid-β oligomerization tendency as a potential predictor for conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's dementia: Findings from the GMCII cohort.

Introduction: This study aimed to explore the association between plasma amyloid-β oligomerization tendency (OAβ) and cognitive performance in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and determine its predictive value for outcomes of mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: Plasma from 727 subjects (286 AD, 260 MCI, and 181 controls) in a case registry was analyzed using the multimer detection system (MDS) to measure plasma OAβ.

Results: Elevated plasma OAβ was strongly correlated with multidomain cognitive performance in patients with MCI and AD. Patients with MCI with high baseline plasma OAβ demonstrated a higher risk of progressing to dementia (hazard ratio = 1.083, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.032-1.137). Baseline plasma OAβ effectively predicted MCI-dementia conversion (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.824, 95% CI 0.752-0.897).

Discussion: The real-world findings underscore the clinical relevance of plasma OAβ as a potential predictor for the conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia.

Highlights: We recruit study participants of Alzheimer's dementia (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and cognitively normal controls in a case registry.We use the multimer detection system (MDS) to measure plasma amyloid-β oligomerization tendency (OAβ).We observe that elevated plasma OAβ strongly correlates with multidomain cognitive performance in patients with MCI and AD.MCI individuals with high baseline plasma OAβ demonstrate a higher risk of progressing to dementia.The real-world findings underscore the clinical relevance of plasma Oaβ as a potential predictor for the conversion from MCI to dementia.