Mobility-Aware Predictive Beamforming Design in Sensing-Assisted SWIPT Systems

Thanks to the advanced beamforming techniques, the efficiency of wireless power transfer (WPT) in simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) systems has been considerably improved. However, the frequent channel state information (CSI) feedback will lead to a decrease in the actual harvested energy once the receiver is out of the stable quiescent state. To address this challenge, we envision a novel sensing-assisted SWIPT system where a hybrid access point (HAP) serves multiple communication users (IUs) and a mobile energy user (MEU). In particular, an extended Kalman filtering (EKF)-based tracking framework is proposed to track the dynamic MEU by exploiting echo signals. A real-time beamforming design problem is then formulated and efficiently solved to maximize the real-time WPT efficiency. Simulation results validate that the proposed scheme can accurately track and achieve higher WPT efficiency than benchmark schemes.