Evaporation-Induced Compression Molding Strategy for the fabrication of lightweight, high-strength polyvinyl chloride–wood composites

Wood-plastic composites (WPC) processing offers a sustainable and efficient method for recycling polyvinyl chloride (PVC), one of the most commonly used thermoplastics. However, traditional fabrication techniques often require high-temperature conditions, limiting their practicality and environmental efficiency. This study introduces a novel method for assembling WPC at ambient temperature using the Evaporation-Induced Compression Molding Strategy. Waste wood flour was employed as the filler material, while PVC served as the matrix. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) acted as the solvent, supplemented by the coupling agent γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH570) and antioxidant 1076 to enhance interfacial compatibility and material performance. Comprehensive characterization of the WPC was performed using mechanical performance testing, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Additionally, the density, water absorption, and porosity of the composites were analyzed. The acoustic and thermal insulation properties of the WPC were also evaluated. The results revealed that the optimal material composition was achieved with a pinewood flour:THF:PVC ratio of 4:6:4 (mass:volume:mass). This composition delivered a bending strength of 14.8 MPa and a tensile strength of 7.65 MPa. Moreover, the WPC demonstrated excellent acoustic and thermal insulation properties, highlighting its potential for practical applications. This study provides a groundbreaking and environmentally friendly approach to the fabrication of wood-plastic composites.

Graphical Abstract