Towards HVDC interoperability—Vendor agnostic control architecture and quantifying domain of operating point

A vendor agnostic design framework is proposed for multi-terminal high voltage direct current (HVDC) here. An analytical assessment is then proposed as a first step of this assessment to quantify the domain of operating point. The criterion is indexed by the margin against loss-of-equilibrium for an Multi-Vendor-Multi-Terminal (MVMT)-HVDC network with terminal behaviour of connected converters. Based on a multi-terminal control architecture, a static analytical model is established, including relevant parameters within the direct current network, its topology, and operation. Two types of scalar index are proposed and then normalized to indicate the margin against loss-of-equilibrium and then employed to quantify the domain of operating point. It is proposed that the domain of security shall correspond to a value in closer proximity to ‘1’ for better security. The effectiveness of the indices is verified and analysed with simulations in the environments of both Matlab/Simulink and real-time digital simulator with pseudo-steady-state and detailed electro-magnetic transient modelling, respectively. This approach attempts to represent one MVMT control scheme to support practical specification, testing and demonstration of the first MVMT-HVDC control system as a business case.