Optimization of Extraction Total Flavonoids From Mume Flos and Assessment of Antioxidant Activity In Vivo and In Vitro

Flavonoids are the principal bioactive constituents of Mume Flos. This study investigated the TFEMF (total flavonoid extract of Mume Flos) using different extraction methods. The ultrasonic-assisted extraction for total flavonoids from Mume Flos was optimized using single-factor and response surface methodology (RSM), leading to the identification of the optimal flavonoid extraction parameters. The optimal conditions were identified as 570 W ultrasound power, 70 min extraction duration, 41% ethanol concentration, 71°C extraction temperature, and a 59:1 mL/g solid-to-liquid ratio. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS was used to identify and analyze the main bioactive compounds and clarify its chemical composition. Furthermore, the meticulous investigation focused on the relationship between total flavonoids and their in vitro antioxidant activity. Results from antioxidant assays and animal experiments highlighted the significant antioxidant activity of TFEMF, justifying further investigation into its potential as a medicinal agent or functional food.