LiCl modified graphene by wet ball-milling strategy for high performance lithium-ion battery

Graphene-based lithium-ion batteries suffer from the poor initial coulombic efficiency and low mass loading. A convenient method is proposed to replenish the Li loss in the first cycle and improve the cycling stability of high mass loading batteries simultaneously in this work. Graphene is modified by introducing LiCl (G/LC) through a wet ball-milling process, which leads to the formation of hybrid solid electrolyte interface. As a result, the half-cells based on high mass loading G/LC electrodes exhibit obviously improved initial coulombic efficiency (>90 %) and high areal specific capacity of 2.53 mAh cm⁻² at high current density of 0.55 mA cm⁻². Furthermore, the full-cells based on G/LC anode paired with LiNi₆Mn₂Co₂O₂ cathode deliver a high initial coulombic efficiency of 76.7 %, as well as a high-capacity retention of 97.52 % after 200 cycles, suggesting the potential application of this extend strategy for rechargeable batteries.