Understanding temporomandibular biomechanics.

AbstractIn all synovial joints normal function demands that sharp surface contact of the moving parts be maintained at all times. This is termed joint stability. Ordinary masticatory function imposes on the craniomandibular articulation a variety of mechanical forces which, if not counteracted, would separate the articulating parts and create a state of instability. An essential role of the articular discs is to maintain sharp contact of the joint surfaces during the full range of function—at rest as well as during empty-mouth movements, power strokes, and maximum intercuspation.The mechanism by which stability is maintained in the temporomandibular joints is unique and complex. A full understanding of mandibular function (and dysfunction) depends largely on accurate knowledge of the biomechanics by which the articular discs maintain joint stability. Applying such information at a clinical level brings new meaning to symptoms that identify disc interferences. This knowledge improves diagnosis and makes th...