Joint distraction with a functional maxillomandibular orthopedic appliance.

AbstractWhen the disk of the temporomandibular joint is positioned more anterior than is normal, the patient will often experience pain and dysfunction. Limited joint movement and weakening of the connective tissue posterior to the disk may worsen the problem and lead to an anteriorly displaced disk. A functional orthopedic appliance made up of a maxillary and a mandibular splint attached by a wire spring is often helpful for gently distracting the joint. This functional distraction appliance will allow the biology of the connective tissue and the joints to regain its normal physiology, and this in turn can help the disk return to its normal position. The patient will then be physiologically ready for more permanent treatment of the temporomandibular problems.