Handwashing in medicine: infrequent use of an ancient practice.

The importance of handwashing in medicine has been identified by individuals for over 700 years. This practice, however, was not widely accepted during the early history of medicine. Handwashing was initially associated with religious and magical ceremonies. Later, public bathing became a social activity, and most recently, handwashing became associated with antisepsis and hygiene. The implications of the history of handwashing for today's physicians are explored.