The technique of small-catheter pleural aspiration. A new, less invasive method for draining pneumothoraces.

Small-catheter aspiration may be preferable to chest tube drainage in many patients with primary spontaneous or iatrogenic pneumothoraces, as well as in some patients with pneumothoraces resulting from minor trauma. It is also less invasive than chest tube drainage, allows greater control over the rate of air removal, and produces less patient discomfort. Following administration of a local anesthetic, the catheter can be inserted into the pleural space using either a trocar or modified Seldinger technique. Addition of a Heimlich valve (with or without a suction device) permits continued air removal. Complications are infrequent and generally minor.