固氮菌包囊的发育和萌发。

O WYSS, M G NEUMNN, M D SOCOLOFSKY
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引用次数: 81

摘要

本文用电子显微镜研究了葡萄色固氮菌包囊细胞和萌发细胞的超薄切片的精细结构。这些生物用KMnO(4)固定,并包埋在环氧树脂中。在包囊培养基上,杆状细菌开始呈现几乎球形,然后在1(1/2)到2天内出现树皮状的外壁。外壁增厚,在它和收缩的细胞体之间形成一个电子可渗透的内层。在5天内,囊肿的内部占囊肿体积的一半以上,并开始显示明确的双层结构。同时,外周小体,可能是营养细胞细胞膜的延伸,随着包囊的进展而消失。营养细胞的细胞壁和细胞膜仍然是成熟囊肿收缩的中心体的限制性结构。在这个中央体中,脂质球与核物质聚集在一起。囊肿萌发开始时,中心体的大小增加,而中心体的大小减少。核聚集变得更加分散,脂质球消失。随着新生营养细胞的发育,外壁可向外挤压,树皮状的碎片可分离。这一阶段细胞壁和细胞膜内陷,导致细胞分裂。空的考场仍然是马蹄形的结构。
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Development and germination of the Azotobacter cyst.

The fine structure of Azotobacter vinelandii has been studied by means of electron microscopy of ultrathin sections made of the encysting and germinating cells. The organisms were fixed with KMnO(4) and embedded in epoxy resin. On an encystment medium the rod-shaped bacteria begin to assume an almost spherical form and then bark-like exine appears in 1(1/2) to 2 days. The exine thickens and an electron permeable intine forms between it and the shrinking cell body. In 5 days the intine makes up more than half of the cyst volume and begins to show a definite two-layered structure. Meanwhile the peripheral bodies, which may be extensions of the cell membrane of the vegetative cell, disappear as the encystment progresses. The cell wall and membrane of the vegetative cell remain demonstrable as the confining structure of the shrinking central body of the mature cyst. In this central body lipoidal globules appear together with aggregations of nuclear material. Cyst germination begins with an increase in the size of the central body at the expense of the intine. The nuclear aggregations become more diffuse and the lipoidal globules disappear. The exine may be pushed outward and the bark-like fragments separate as the emerging vegetative cell develops. Invagination of the cell wall and membrane may occur at this stage leading to cell division. Empty exines remain as horseshoe-shaped structures.

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