海星卵母细胞内核糖核酸的分布及异质性。

J E EDSTROM, W GRAMPP, N SCHOR
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引用次数: 112

摘要

对海星卵母细胞细胞质、核质和核仁中RNA的含量和组成进行了研究。采用超微化学方法对固定切片显微解剖分离的单位进行测定。宏观化学和干涉控制实验表明,这种方法可以定量评价RNA。结果表明,卵母细胞的生长过程是一个核仁、核质和细胞质RNA数量关系发生巨大变化的系统。核仁和细胞质RNA的这些变化是连续的,因此它们的数量可以从细胞的大小来预测。另一方面,核质RNA在不同的细胞中表现出很大的差异,与细胞大小无关。嘌呤嘧啶分析表明,每一种细胞成分都含有一种RNA,与其他两种成分有很大的不同。细胞质和核仁RNA密切相关,唯一的区别是核仁RNA的鸟嘌呤/尿嘧啶商略高。它们都是常见的组织RNA类型,也就是说,它们显示鸟嘌呤和胞嘧啶比腺嘌呤和尿嘧啶占优势。核质RNA与其他两种成分的RNA有很大的不同。腺嘌呤和尿嘧啶的浓度分别高于鸟嘌呤和胞嘧啶的浓度。这种RNA因此显示出与一般动物DNA的一些相似之处,尽管嘌呤/嘧啶比例远非统一。我们的数据支持核糖体RNA稳定部分的核核起源和不稳定部分(信使RNA)的核质起源。
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The intracellular distribution and heterogeneity of ribonucleic acid in starfish oocytes.

A study has been made of the content and composition of RNA in cytoplasm, nucleoplasm, and nucleoli from growing oocytes of the starfish Asterias rubens. The determinations were carried out, using ultramicrochemical methods, on units isolated by microdissection from fixed sections. Macrochemical and interferometric control experiments show that RNA can be quantitatively evaluated in this way. The results show that the growing oocyte represents a system in which the relations between the quantities of nucleolar, nucleoplasmic, and cytoplasmic RNA undergo great changes. These changes are continuous for nucleolar and cytoplasmic RNA so that their amounts may be predicted from the size of the cell. Nucleoplasmic RNA, on the other hand, shows great variations among different cells, independent of cell size. Purine-pyrimidine analyses show that each cell component contains an RNA which differs significantly from that of the other two. Cytoplasmic and nucleolar RNA are closely related, the only difference being a slightly higher guanine/uracil quotient for the nucleolar RNA. They are both of the usual tissue RNA type, i.e., they show a preponderance of guanine and cytosine over adenine and uracil. Nucleoplasmic RNA deviates grossly from the RNA of the other two components. Here the concentrations of adenine and uracil are higher than those of guanine and cytosine, respectively. This RNA consequently shows some resemblance to the general type of animal DNA although the purine/pyrimidine ratio is far from unity. Our data favor a nucleolar origin for the stable part of the ribosomal RNA and a nucleoplasmic one for the unstable part (the messenger RNA).

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