基因,生活方式和肥胖。

A Marti, M J Moreno-Aliaga, J Hebebrand, J A Martínez
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引用次数: 177

摘要

目的:回顾基因和生活方式因素,特别是饮食习惯和身体活动模式,在肥胖风险中的作用及其潜在的相互作用。设计和测量:通过不同的研究方法(孟德尔传播、遗传动物模型、流行病学关联/连锁研究和全基因组扫描)评估,对一些明确归因于或可能涉及导致肥胖的过度脂肪积累的基因进行描述性报告。此外,本文还综述了大量营养素的摄入和组成(脂肪/碳水化合物)以及与活动相关的能量消耗在肥胖发病中的作用。结果:报告了基因型以及饮食宏量营养素组成/摄入和久坐/低能量体力活动在肥胖患病率中的作用的例子。结论:基因和日常生活环境因素(如文化和社会介导的食物摄入、减少的家庭和生活工作活动)都与肥胖流行有关。基因x基因和基因x环境因素相互作用的发生使得解释遗传和生活方式在肥胖风险中的具体作用变得更加困难。
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Genes, lifestyles and obesity.

Objective: To review the role of genes and lifestyle factors, particularly dietary habits and physical activity patterns, in obesity risk as well as their potential interactions.

Design and measurements: A descriptive report of a number of genes definitely ascribed or potentially implicated in excessive fat accumulation leading to obesity as assessed by different research approaches (Mendelian transmission, genetic animal models, epidemiological association/linkage studies and genome-wide scans). Also, the involvement of macronutrient intake and composition (fat/carbohydrate) as well as the role of activity-linked energy expenditure in obesity onset is reviewed.

Results: Examples of the role of the genotype as well as of the dietary macronutrient composition/intake and sedentary/low energy cost of physical activities in obesity prevalence are reported.

Conclusions: Both genes and everyday life environmental factors such as cultural and social mediated food intake and reduced domestic and living work activities are involved in the obesity pandemia. The occurrence of gene x gene and gene x environmental factors interactions makes it more difficult to interpret the specific roles of genetics and lifestyle in obesity risk.

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