颅内植入猕猴(Macaca mulatta)的血液学和培养评估。

IF 1.3 4区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Comparative medicine Pub Date : 2021-04-01 Epub Date: 2021-02-03 DOI:10.30802/AALAS-CM-20-000084
Jacob H Theil, Jennifer L Johns, Poyin Chen, David M Theil, Megan A Albertelli
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引用次数: 0

摘要

长期以来,在猕猴(Macaca mulatta)中使用经皮颅内植入物一直是神经科学研究的重要工具。然而,在治疗和评估这些动物时,由于缺乏对这些植入物如何影响生理机能的研究,兽医需要对诊断结果做出假设。颅骨植入部位的微生物培养显示存在大量定植细菌,但这些微生物是否会影响动物的健康和福祉却鲜为人知。此外,微生物的抗生素耐药性也会对动物和研究人员的健康造成严重影响。为了帮助阐明经皮颅内植入物与血液参数之间的关系,我们从 2001 年 9 月至 2017 年 3 月对本机构的 57 只非人灵长类动物的全血细胞计数和血清化学结果进行了评估。使用广义估计方程比较了动物首次植入手术前后的结果。建模结果显示,颅骨植入物可显著预测中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞和红细胞数量以及血红蛋白、碱性磷酸酶、肌酐、钙、磷、总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白浓度的变化。对厌氧菌和需氧菌进行培养,以确定与颅骨植入物有关的细菌。需氧细菌分离物主要是葡萄球菌属、链球菌属和棒状杆菌属,厌氧细菌分离物主要是镰刀菌属、肽链球菌属和脆弱拟杆菌属。利用皮尔逊相关性进行统计分析,我们评估了这些细菌分离物是否会随着时间的推移产生抗生素耐药性。头孢唑啉是本研究中猴子最常用的抗生素,也是测试的 41 种抗菌剂中唯一一种细菌会随着时间的推移产生抗药性的抗菌剂。这些结果表明,经皮植入与全身炎症状态有关,植入部位存在多种细菌,这些细菌可能会导致炎症反应。
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Hematology and Culture Assessment of Cranially Implanted Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta).

The use of percutaneous cranial implants in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) has long been a valuable tool for neuroscience research. However, when treating and assessing these animals, veterinarians are required to make assumptions about diagnostic results due to a lack of research into how these implants affect physiology. Microbial cultures of cranial implant sites show an abundance of colonizing bacteria, but whether these microbes affect animal health and wellbeing is poorly understood. In addition, microbial antibiotic resistance can present significant health concerns for both the animals and the researchers. To help elucidate the relationship between percutaneous cranial implants and blood parameters, complete blood cell counts and serum chemistry results were assessed on 57 nonhuman primates at our institution from September 2001 to March 2017. Generalized estimating equations were used to compare the results before and after an animal's first implant surgery. This modelling showed that cranial implants were a significant predictor of alterations in the number of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and red blood cells, and in the concentration of hemoglobin, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, calcium, phos- phorus, total protein, albumin, and globulin. Anaerobic and aerobic bacterial cultures were performed to identify bacteria associated with cranial implants. Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., and Corynebacterium spp. comprised the majority of the aerobic bacterial isolates, while Fusobacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp. and Bacterioides fragilis comprised the majority of anaerobic bacterial isolates. Using a Pearson r correlation for statistical analysis, we assessed whether any of these bacterial isolates developed antibiotic resistances over time. Cefazolin, the most frequently used antibiotic in monkeys in this study, was the only antimicrobial out of 41 agents tested to which bacteria developed resistance over time. These results indicate that percutaneous implants are associated with a generalized inflammatory state, multiple bacterial species are present at the implant site, and these bacteria may contribute to the inflammatory response.

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来源期刊
Comparative medicine
Comparative medicine 医学-动物学
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
71
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Comparative Medicine (CM), an international journal of comparative and experimental medicine, is the leading English-language publication in the field and is ranked by the Science Citation Index in the upper third of all scientific journals. The mission of CM is to disseminate high-quality, peer-reviewed information that expands biomedical knowledge and promotes human and animal health through the study of laboratory animal disease, animal models of disease, and basic biologic mechanisms related to disease in people and animals.
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