MXene-based heterostructures: Current trend and development in electrochemical energy storage devices

MXene (two-dimensional transition metal carbide, nitrides, and/or carbonitrides) has shown considerable interest in a variety of research fields due to its excellent conductivity, hydrophilicity, and abundant surface functional groups. However, MXene's challenges in aggregation and low stability, severely limit its applicability. MXenes can be prepared by a variety of techniques, including exfoliation of MAX phases assisted by HF and non-HF materials, and bottom-up approaches utilizing vapor deposition and templating methods. The preparation of MXene-based heterostructures composite has been recently investigated as a potential nanomaterial in energy storage. Herein, we provided an overview of MXene synthesis and current developments in the MXene-based heterostructure composites for electrochemical energy storage devices. Moreover, the challenges and difficulties for MXene-based heterostructure composites in the future MXene-based structural design have been described.