{"title":"植物基因组DNA甲基化动力学","authors":"Mary Gehring, Steven Henikoff","doi":"10.1016/j.bbaexp.2007.01.009","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cytosine bases are extensively methylated in the DNA of plant genomes. DNA methylation has been implicated in the silencing of transposable elements and genes, and loss of methylation can have severe consequences for the organism. The recent methylation profiling of the entire Arabidopsis genome has provided insight into the extent of DNA methylation and its functions in silencing and gene transcription. Patterns of DNA methylation are faithfully maintained across generations, but some changes in DNA methylation are observed in terminally differentiated tissues. Demethylation by a DNA glycosylase is required for the expression of imprinted genes in the endosperm and <em>de novo</em> methylation might play a role in the selective silencing of certain self-incompatibility alleles in the tapetum. Because DNA methylation patterns are faithfully inherited, changes in DNA methylation that arise somatically during the plant life cycle have the possibility of being propagated. Therefore, epimutations might be an important source of variation during plant evolution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100161,"journal":{"name":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression","volume":"1769 5","pages":"Pages 276-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2007-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.bbaexp.2007.01.009","citationCount":"181","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"DNA methylation dynamics in plant genomes\",\"authors\":\"Mary Gehring, Steven Henikoff\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.bbaexp.2007.01.009\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Cytosine bases are extensively methylated in the DNA of plant genomes. DNA methylation has been implicated in the silencing of transposable elements and genes, and loss of methylation can have severe consequences for the organism. The recent methylation profiling of the entire Arabidopsis genome has provided insight into the extent of DNA methylation and its functions in silencing and gene transcription. Patterns of DNA methylation are faithfully maintained across generations, but some changes in DNA methylation are observed in terminally differentiated tissues. Demethylation by a DNA glycosylase is required for the expression of imprinted genes in the endosperm and <em>de novo</em> methylation might play a role in the selective silencing of certain self-incompatibility alleles in the tapetum. Because DNA methylation patterns are faithfully inherited, changes in DNA methylation that arise somatically during the plant life cycle have the possibility of being propagated. Therefore, epimutations might be an important source of variation during plant evolution.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":100161,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression\",\"volume\":\"1769 5\",\"pages\":\"Pages 276-286\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2007-05-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.bbaexp.2007.01.009\",\"citationCount\":\"181\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167478107000292\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167478107000292","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Cytosine bases are extensively methylated in the DNA of plant genomes. DNA methylation has been implicated in the silencing of transposable elements and genes, and loss of methylation can have severe consequences for the organism. The recent methylation profiling of the entire Arabidopsis genome has provided insight into the extent of DNA methylation and its functions in silencing and gene transcription. Patterns of DNA methylation are faithfully maintained across generations, but some changes in DNA methylation are observed in terminally differentiated tissues. Demethylation by a DNA glycosylase is required for the expression of imprinted genes in the endosperm and de novo methylation might play a role in the selective silencing of certain self-incompatibility alleles in the tapetum. Because DNA methylation patterns are faithfully inherited, changes in DNA methylation that arise somatically during the plant life cycle have the possibility of being propagated. Therefore, epimutations might be an important source of variation during plant evolution.
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