{"title":"胶质细胞调节突触传递","authors":"Gertrudis Perea, Alfonso Araque","doi":"10.1016/j.brainresrev.2009.10.005","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The classical view of glial cells as simple supportive cells for neurons is being replaced by a new vision in which glial cells are active elements involved in the physiology of the nervous system<span>. This new vision is based on the fact that astrocytes, a subtype of glial cells in the CNS, are stimulated by synaptically released neurotransmitters, which increase the astrocyte Ca</span></span><sup>2+</sup><span><span> levels and stimulate the release of gliotransmitters<span> that regulate synaptic efficacy and plasticity. Consequently, our understanding of synaptic function, previously thought to exclusively result from signaling between neurons, has also changed to include the bidirectional signaling between neurons and astrocytes. Hence, astrocytes have been revealed as integral elements involved in the </span></span>synaptic physiology, therefore contributing to the processing, transfer and storage of information by the nervous system. Reciprocal communication between astrocytes and neurons is therefore part of the intercellular signaling processes involved in brain function.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":9291,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research Reviews","volume":"63 1","pages":"Pages 93-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2010-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.brainresrev.2009.10.005","citationCount":"212","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"GLIA modulates synaptic transmission\",\"authors\":\"Gertrudis Perea, Alfonso Araque\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.brainresrev.2009.10.005\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p><span>The classical view of glial cells as simple supportive cells for neurons is being replaced by a new vision in which glial cells are active elements involved in the physiology of the nervous system<span>. This new vision is based on the fact that astrocytes, a subtype of glial cells in the CNS, are stimulated by synaptically released neurotransmitters, which increase the astrocyte Ca</span></span><sup>2+</sup><span><span> levels and stimulate the release of gliotransmitters<span> that regulate synaptic efficacy and plasticity. Consequently, our understanding of synaptic function, previously thought to exclusively result from signaling between neurons, has also changed to include the bidirectional signaling between neurons and astrocytes. Hence, astrocytes have been revealed as integral elements involved in the </span></span>synaptic physiology, therefore contributing to the processing, transfer and storage of information by the nervous system. Reciprocal communication between astrocytes and neurons is therefore part of the intercellular signaling processes involved in brain function.</span></p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":9291,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Brain Research Reviews\",\"volume\":\"63 1\",\"pages\":\"Pages 93-102\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2010-05-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.brainresrev.2009.10.005\",\"citationCount\":\"212\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Brain Research Reviews\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165017309001076\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Brain Research Reviews","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165017309001076","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
The classical view of glial cells as simple supportive cells for neurons is being replaced by a new vision in which glial cells are active elements involved in the physiology of the nervous system. This new vision is based on the fact that astrocytes, a subtype of glial cells in the CNS, are stimulated by synaptically released neurotransmitters, which increase the astrocyte Ca2+ levels and stimulate the release of gliotransmitters that regulate synaptic efficacy and plasticity. Consequently, our understanding of synaptic function, previously thought to exclusively result from signaling between neurons, has also changed to include the bidirectional signaling between neurons and astrocytes. Hence, astrocytes have been revealed as integral elements involved in the synaptic physiology, therefore contributing to the processing, transfer and storage of information by the nervous system. Reciprocal communication between astrocytes and neurons is therefore part of the intercellular signaling processes involved in brain function.